Textile fibers provide raw materials for making yarns, and yarns provide raw materials for making fabrics. Therefore, textile fibers must have their special properties. Any textile fiber must have the following necessary properties:
First, fastness: textile fibers must have a considerable tensile strength, the minimum strength can be set at 20 kg/mm2 or 1.5 g/Denier.
Second, the length: fiber length, the longer the better. If the length is less than five millimeters, it is not easy to spin.
Third, thickness: The finer the fibers, the finer the spun yarn and the woven fabric. However, if it is too thin, the strength will weaken. Generally man-made fibers have a diameter of about 0.01 to 0.04 mm.
Fourth, ductility and elasticity: for clothing users can not bend the bend, and can restore the original state and other characteristics. All of these properties are directly related to elasticity and ductility. Therefore, textile fibers must have appropriate elasticity and ductility.
V. Adhesion: Textile fibers must be capable of being intertwined or glued together to form a strong yarn. This property is largely determined by the shape of the fiber. If the cotton fiber is distorted, the surface of the hair-weaving fiber has a scaly structure, and thus it is easy to be intertwined and glued. This property is especially important when manufacturing staple fibers.
Sixth, heat preservation: One of the main functions of clothes, in order to have the performance of cold weather, so the textile fiber must be a poor conductor of heat.
VII. Durability: When weaving, processing, and using textile fibers, they all must withstand a considerable degree of force. If they are not durable, they cannot be used.
VIII. Insoluble: Textile fibres must not only be insoluble in water, but must be insoluble even for soapy water, weak alkalis, weak acid waters, etc., as they are used in the manufacture, processing or after the manufacture of fabrics. Weak alkalis and weak acids are all substances that cannot be avoided.
Nine, feel: feel soft, dry, not hard.
The above nine items are the characteristics that textile fibers must have. In order to fabricate ideal fabrics, it is necessary to have easy suction, air permeability, and good luster, and it must be inexpensive at the time of production. This is a good textile fiber.
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