Looking at history from the ancient ritual jade

Jade is a kind of jade with a round plate shape, a sheet shape and a hole in the middle. "Erya" has the saying that "the meat is better than the one." The meat is the edge, the hole is good, and the edge is twice the aperture. In the ancient jade of the world, there is not much that the meat has a good relationship with the multiple. In Erya, there is a saying that the meat is good and the meat is as good as the "ring". "Ring" and "ç‘—" belong to the jade class, which is a special type of dragonfly.

In ancient times, cockroaches were an important jade. The length of use and the variety of varieties were not comparable to other jade articles. There are several uses for 璧: one for rituals, two for Peiyu, three for ceremonial gifts, and four for funeral jade. The texture of the jade has changed with the times. The Shang Dynasty has many chords. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Han Dynasty, the jade is a moiré, a grain, a pete, or a crepe. After the Tang, Song, and Yuan, there were jade carvings of intaglio, crepe, animal face, and flower and bird patterns.

上古礼器玉璧

What should be paid attention to in the jade is the glutinous rice, the grainy glutinous rice, and the pupa. Su Shi first appeared in the Neolithic Age, and the most striking is the three out of land. The first is the Liangzhu Cultural Site; the second is the early cultural site in Guanghan District; the third is the Qijia Cultural Site. The Shang Dynasty was also very popular, and Su was mainly used for rituals at the time. The use of Gu Yu and Pu Pu continued until the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a pattern of grain, plum, cloud and thunder, and a pattern of flowers, birds, fish, insects, dragons, phoenixes, gossip, mascots, etc. "Zhou Li" has the records of "Children's Executives" and "Men's Poems". The glutinous rice stalks are engraved with rows of dense small diced squashes. The diced stalks are carved into a swirl like a valley tooth, and the valley can be used for health. Pu-Pu refers to the scorpion with a very shallow hexagonal plaid pattern. These two kinds are mostly from the Warring States Period and the Han Dynasty. They are usually a few centimeters to a dozen centimeters. More than twenty centimeters are rare. From the perspective of living or unearthing objects, Baoguang is overflowing and works very well. During the Warring States period, this type of jade has been regarded as a treasure, as a jade or collateral, gifts, inlays, ceremonies and gifts. Dragon, bird, phoenix, and pupae are seen in the Han Dynasty. The surface of the dragonfly is divided into two zones with concentric circular ropes, up to three zones. The outer area is decorated with dragon or phoenix patterns, the inner area is decorated with embossed patterns, and the three areas are decorated with animal face patterns. This kind of Han dynasty is generally made of jade, which is divided into two types: thick and thin. The diameter is generally larger, and the larger one is more than 40 cm, but the thickness is rare.

The dragon's pampas grass is very strange, composed of intaglio lines, and the front is painted with a faucet. The nose is very large, and the thick and negative lines under the nose are wide but very shallow. Generally, there are no mouths, and other parts are carved with thin lines. The dragon is a double body, such as a streamer extending to the sides, engraved with the dragon body, representing the claws or wings. The use of jade has a long history, spanning thousands of years, and the cultural connotation is extremely deep.

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