Jade: the latecomer of Huaxia jade culture

The Huaxia jade culture has a long history. From the historically well-documented Shang Dynasty, to the Han Dynasty Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Central Plains Dynasty began to use Xinjiang white jade as the main material of the court. The warm, restrained and toughness of Baiyu is in line with the taste of the royal and scholar-officials. . Thousand kinds of agate 10,000 kinds of jade, jade is rich in its variety, is a jade variety introduced to the land of China late, its color and variety richness is far more than any other jade variety.

Since the emerald was introduced to the land of the Central Plains in the late Qing Dynasty, it has only been 200 years old, but it is unprecedentedly loved by people. From the royal family to the civilians, it is wearing jade. The influence of white jade is wider and its culture is more colorful. . When the emerald was first introduced to the Qing court, it was also used to measure the standard of white jade. Therefore, the jade in the early and middle of the morning was made of warm and white sputum or white peony, and the government made more choices.

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According to expert research and cultural relics unearthed in Yunnan, it can be concluded that jadeite was actually mined in the late Song and Yuan Dynasties and widely used in the Shu culture area. The Mongolians in the Yuan Dynasty were busy with conquest, and there was not much interest in culture and art. The Daming Dynasty was based on the Central Plains culture. For the center, it generally accepts the jade culture of the Han and Tang Dynasties and the two Songs. It likes the gentle and simple jade, and does not have much interest in the colorful jade. Judging from the jade of the late Ming Dynasty, at that time, it was mainly white or warm.

The wheel of history entered the Manchu Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty dynasty just entered the Central Plains and unified China. After two generations of Kangxi and Yongzheng, the imperial power was consolidated, the people were well-off, and the culture and art were greatly promoted and developed. During the Qianlong period, art development also reached its peak. The ancestors of Manchu Qing came to Beijing from Guanwai, and faced the quaint and monotonous culture of the Central Plains. They always felt that something was missing (this can be seen from the costumes of the Han people of the Central Plains and the costumes of the Manchus). At this time, the jade culture came into being. In a very short time, it became the new favorite of the royal family. Probably the green color of the jade and the green is the ancestor gene expression of the aristocrats of the Qing Dynasty. Their ancestors have an inexplicable yearning for the life outside of Guanwai, the green of nature. They are branded in their hearts, so the green of jade is deeply sought after by the royal family and the nobility. The royal jade developed in the middle and late Qing Dynasty, the emperor green, refers to the color and its rich type of jade, royal exclusive.

Jadeite reached its peak in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. Various types of jadeites emerged in an endless stream and were also mined and produced to varying degrees. At that time, it was mainly green, and other varieties were accepted by everyone. The most famous one was Duan Jiayu. For a long period of time, "the money is easy to get, the one is difficult to find" is developed under the appreciation and interpretation of the emperor in the orthodox royal family.

The area of ​​the Shu culture has always been relatively closed, close to the jade production area, and it is also a multi-ethnic area such as Bai, Yi and Yi. Different national cultures make it have a unique understanding of jade.

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The Bai people are centered on the Bohai Sea, and the Bohai Sea is a god in their minds. Therefore, the Bai culture has a special feeling for the Bohai Sea, and it is mostly manifested in the literature of the Bai people. Under the majestic Cangshan Mountain, the clear waters of the sea and the undulating water plants are infinitely beautiful in the hearts of every Bai people. Therefore, the Bai people have a special preference for the fine flowering jade of the water head. The most common and unearthed in the Dali area. The most is the floating flower jade, and the most popular collection is also the floating flower jade. The most representative ones are Xizhou people. They will look for high-quality flowers and jadeites at the March Street or the Yutan Festival. The most famous in the floating flower jade is Duan Jiayu. The water is transparent glass water, which has green slag flowers. At first glance, it is like a clear water in the river. It is favored and respected by the Dali nationality with the theme of the Bai people. Duan Jiayu's famousness is closely related to his history. In the context of the decline of Manchu and the withdrawal of Huaxia rule, the warlords everywhere have risen. Chiang Kai-shek has gradually established its foundation in the southwest, and it is indicated by Song Meiling's purchase of Duan Jiayu. The abandonment of the influence of the imperial power, the jade also subtly expressed a historical story.

In the Yuxi area around Fuxian Lake, various ethnic groups have a unique preference for jadeites such as water. Judging from the large number of old jadeites unearthed and handed down, the Yuqing area has the most pale water or colorless ice and glass. If you operate jade in Yunnan, you will find that Yuxi people have a special liking for the good jade of the water. Relatively speaking, the Kunming people on the north bank of Dianchi also favor the kind of parallel imports. This is a clarification and unfathomable Fuxian. The lake is closely related.

The Yi people who live in the mountains are fond of brightly colored costumes and prefer white and green materials. Bai Diqing is often unearthed or passed down in the area. The Liangshan Yi and the Zhaotong Dai people in the Sichuan Basin spread the jade culture to the Sichuan-Yunnan region. To this day, the jadeite in the Baidiqing or Baiji area has always been sought after by the Sichuan-Yunnan region. Chengdu, Zigong, Yibin and other areas in the Sichuan Basin have been rich in ancient times since the ancient times. The rich family often buy jade from Yunnan. Please come to Yangzhou jade carving master to make jade jewelry according to local preferences. The area is mostly rainy, with less sunshine, and the woman's skin is white and delicate. The delicate and gentle white pheasant or white qingqing is deeply loved by the local rich lady or rich wife. The famous Su circle is preserved in large quantities in the local area. Ears, brands, buckles and clumps made of white and green materials are extremely rich.

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The spread of the jade culture once stagnate after the war in the Republic of China and the establishment of the new China. Taiwan, far from the strait, and Hong Kong, which is off the mainland, took the lead in understanding and understanding the jade with the development of the economy. Probably because most of the elites in Taiwan and Hong Kong are from the mainland, and most of them are deeply influenced by traditional culture. Most of their ancestors were either the Qing Dynasty or the scholar-officials, and they were basically not baptized by the culture of New China. Preserving the traditional jade culture, advocating green, red jade, of course, there are many new understandings. In the economic development, the Hong Kong and Taiwan regions under the collision of the East and West cultures gradually liked the jadeite of the color, such as Huangjia Green, Fulushou Sancai, Yanglu and other jade varieties.

In the later developed Guangdong area, the fine jade material is scarce. At the beginning, it is just like the Hong Kong area, the water head is good, and the color jade is the top grade. In the later stage, this kind of material is also extremely rare, clever and good at business. Guangdong people began to speculate on colorless jadeite varieties. It is the rapid development of the commodity economy, and the bubble has expanded for nearly 13 years, which is in line with the mentality of many people. So far, the colorless glass species of jade with huge resource reserves has been highly praised by the Cantonese, and relying on its powerful sales promotion ability, these concepts are poured into the hearts of most jade lovers. The colorless glass species of jade becomes the craziest stone.

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