Vacuum plating mainly includes
Vacuum evaporation, sputtering and ion plating are several types. They are all used to deposit various metal and non-metal films on the surface of plastic parts under vacuum conditions by distillation or sputtering. In this way, a very thin surface coating can be obtained, and at the same time, it has excellent adhesion with good speed. Advantages, but the price is higher, there are fewer types of metal that can be operated, generally used for functional plating of higher-grade products, for example, as an internal shielding layer. There are two common electroplating processes for plastic products: water electroplating and vacuum ion plating. Vacuum ion plating, also known as vacuum coating. Vacuum plating is now a popular practice. Compared with other coating methods, the cost is low and the pollution to the environment is small. Now it is widely used in various industries.
Vacuum plating application
Vacuum plating is applicable to a wide range of applications, such as ABS, ABS+PC, and PC. At the same time, due to its complex process flow, high environmental and equipment requirements, the unit price is more expensive than water electroplating. The process flow is briefly introduced here: Surface cleaning-->discharge of static electricity-->spray primer-->baking primer-->vacuum coating-->spray finish-->baking finish-->packaging.
Vacuum plating practices
The general practice of vacuum plating is to spray a layer of primer on the material before plating. Because the material is plastic, there will be air bubbles, organic gas, and moisture in the air. In addition, due to the plastic surface is not smooth, the surface of the directly plated workpiece is not smooth, the gloss is low, the metal feel is poor, and there are air bubbles, blisters and other bad conditions. After spraying a layer of primer, it will form a smooth and even surface, and eliminate the bubble blisters that exist in the plastic itself, so that the effect of electroplating can be displayed.
Vacuum plating can be divided into
General vacuum plating, UV vacuum plating, vacuum plating, special processes, evaporation, sputtering, gun color and so on.
Application examples:
PC material temperature of 130 degrees, only the "vacuum plating + UV oil solid" can be reached resistance to 130 degrees high temperature requirements. The general water electroplating is not able to plate PC material! The vacuum evaporation method is a method of heating a metal under high vacuum conditions to melt, vaporize, and form a metal thin film on the surface of the plastic after cooling. Commonly used metals are low melting point metals such as aluminum. The method of heating the metal: there is thermal energy generated by the resistance, but also the use of electron beam. In the case of vapor deposition of plastic products, it is necessary to adjust the vapor deposition time in order to ensure that the heat emitted from the metal cooling does not deform the resin. In addition, metals or alloys whose melting point and boiling point are too high are not suitable for vapor deposition. Metals to be plated and plastic products to be plated are placed in a vacuum chamber. The material to be plated is heated by a certain method to evaporate or sublimate the metal. The metal vapor meets the cold plastic. The surface of the product condenses into a metal film.
Under vacuum conditions, atoms and molecules of evaporating materials can be prevented from colliding with other molecules during flying to a plastic product, and chemical reactions (such as oxidation) between the active molecules in the gas and the evaporation source material can be reduced, thereby providing a film layer. Density, purity, deposition rate, and adhesion. Usually vacuum evaporation requires that the pressure in the film formation chamber be equal to or lower than 10-2 Pa. For applications where the evaporation source and the products to be plated and the quality of the film are very demanding, a lower pressure (10-5 Pa) is required. Coating thickness 0.04-0.1um is too thin, low reflectivity; too thick, poor adhesion, easy to fall off. When the thickness is 0.04, the reflectance is 90%.
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