2015 Impact of Mining Policy

I. The National Development and Reform Commission and other departments issued the "Vision and Action" ("One Belt and One Road" strategy)

On March 28, 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the Ministry of Commerce jointly proposed the “Vision and Action for the Promotion of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road” to propose the development of mutual investment areas. We will increase cooperation in the exploration and development of traditional energy resources such as coal, oil and gas, and metal minerals, actively promote cooperation in clean and renewable energy such as hydropower, nuclear power, wind power, and solar energy, and promote cooperation in processing and conversion of energy resources on the spot to form an upstream and downstream cooperation for energy resources. Integrated industrial chain.

The “One Belt and One Road” runs through the Eurasian continent, connecting the Asia-Pacific Economic Circle to the east and the European Economic Circle to the west. Whether it is developing the economy, improving people’s livelihood, coping with the crisis, or speeding up adjustments, many countries along the route share common interests with China. Under the background of the global downturn in the mining industry, the implementation of the “Belt and Road” strategy will bring unlimited opportunities for the development of the mining industry. The “One Belt, One Road” planning background is due to the weak recovery of the world economy. China’s surrounding areas need new economic engines to drive economic prosperity. Changes in the world’s new energy structure provide opportunities for energy cooperation. The rise of emerging Asian economies has led to an increase in energy consumption in the region. The United States’ dependence on energy independence to reduce its dependence on energy in the Middle East has caused the latter to urgently seek new buyers. In addition, the Ukrainian crisis has pushed the Russian energy strategy to Asia, the world energy market has gradually shifted to the east, and China has become a geopolitical center of energy. It is the main force of cooperation. According to industry analysts, the “One Belt and One Road” connectivity in the energy sector is mainly reflected in the following four aspects: “One Belt and One Road” energy cooperation infrastructure is prioritized; the use of low oil prices to strengthen oil and gas investment and integration along the “One Belt and One Road”; establishment of “One Belt and One Road” Energy and financial system; "One Belt and One Road" energy cooperation goes from bilateral to multilateral and creates a new order.

In addition, the steel industry will use its power to shake off the haze. “Belt and Road” infrastructure investment is large, and equipment manufacturing such as energy, high-speed rail, nuclear power will bring a lot of steel demand; non-ferrous metals will add new impetus, and the non-ferrous metal industry will use the “One Belt and One Road” strategy to speed up “going out” and target “low Grades such as mine development and the expansion of non-ferrous metal applications and other technological challenges will break the bottleneck of resource and environmental constraints. At the same time, efforts will also be made to achieve cross-industry integration, coupling with industrial capital and gold, and reshaping the industrial value chain system; gold industry There will be major opportunities and the implementation of the “Belt and Road” strategy will connect domestic and foreign gold supply and demand markets.

Once again, geological work will have bright prospects: The “Belt and Road” strategy will be China’s major policy dividend in the next 10 years and will bring new development opportunities to many industries including geological work. The country along the “One Belt and One Road” is extremely rich in mineral resources, and it is the main supply base for the world's mineral raw materials. It occupies a pivotal position in global economic and social development. Judging from the country’s top-level design, the “One Belt and One Road” strategy will focus on building six economic corridors and maritime strategic fulcrums, and will use in-depth access, navigation, and trade as the driving force. The “One Belt and One Road” project of the China Bureau of Land Reclamation also closely revolves around the New Eurasian Continental Bridge Economic Corridor, the Sino-Italian Economic Corridor, the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, the Bangladesh-Indian-Burmese Economic Corridor, the China-New Zealand Economic Corridor, and the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor. Six economic corridors and the layout of strategic fulcrum at sea. The objectives of this series of geological work with a high degree of strategic importance are very clear: to establish and improve a global database of geological, mineral, and investment conditions, and to provide reliable geological and mineral data for the national authorities to formulate resource exploration and development policies for domestic geological survey units and mining Enterprises "going out" to carry out overseas mineral resource risk exploration provide a strategic target area; at the same time, they will guide the geological prospecting and resource and environmental assessment in China's border areas and enhance the level and effect of international cooperation in geological and mineral resources.

Second, the Ministry of Land and Resources canceled exploration rights mining rights agreement transfer application approval According to the "State Council on the cancellation of non-administrative licensing examination and approval matters," the relevant requirements, the Ministry of Land and Resources issued in August 24, 2015, "Ministry of Land and Resources on strict control and The "Notice on Regulating the Issues Related to the Transfer of Mining Rights Agreements" will transfer and strictly regulate and regulate the mining rights agreement.

The notice confirmed the investigators of exploration and exploitation projects, and was collectively reviewed by the mining rights registration and management authority, and stipulated five conditions for granting prospecting and mining rights by agreement. According to the notice, the agreement to sell prospecting and mining rights should be in accordance with the mineral resources planning and relevant national industrial policies. In accordance with the conditions for granting the agreement, in accordance with the examination and approval authority for the exploration right and the mining right, the registration management authority shall approve and register the issuance of exploration licenses and mining licenses, and will no longer apply for approval of the agreement for transfer.

The notice stipulates that an application for the transfer of prospecting rights by agreement shall, in principle, submit a report on the reserves of mineral exploration at or above the census, and dispose of the price in accordance with the relevant regulations. One of the following cases may apply for an exploration permit in accordance with the law and reach a level above the census (including census) before proceeding with the price disposal according to the provisions: the state has funded the exploration but has not formed a mineral area block, and the mineral exploration has not reached the census above (including Census) The degree of work; prospectors who belong to low-risk minerals apply to expand the scope of exploration or mining rights to apply for exploration in its deep, adjacent areas, and mineral exploration has not reached the level of work above the census (including census).

The circular also stipulates that the key mineral resources development projects approved by the State Council and the mineral resources that provide supporting resources for key construction projects approved by the State Council, or the prospecting projects and replacement sites that seek replacement resources for the country’s old special-purpose mines (crisis mines). For crisis mines to replace resource prospecting projects, the mining right holders shall provide the relevant approval documents or project plan notifications to the registration management authorities; the provincial-level people’s governments approve the reserves of large- and medium-sized mineral resources development projects, which are issued by the Ministry of Land and Resources , the applicant shall submit the application for the transfer of the agreement to the Ministry of Land and Resources to the provincial government. The application shall be submitted to the Ministry of Land and Resources; if the application does not belong to the Ministry of Land and Resources, the applicant shall be granted by the applicant with the consent of the provincial people's government. Written opinions or relevant approval documents, apply to the registration authority.

Where the established area has the right to integrate or utilize the original production system to expand the scope of exploration and mining, which is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Land and Resources, the mining right holder shall submit the written opinions issued by the provincial department of land and resources to the Ministry of Land and Resources. Where an application is filed; if it does not belong to the Ministry of Land and Natural Resources, the mining right holder shall apply to the registration authority in accordance with the authority for examination and approval. If there is a need to integrate prospecting rights or expand the scope of exploration to cover sporadic resources around the site as a whole, if the expanded area exceeds the area of ​​the existing exploration block by more than 25% (inclusive), experts from the provincial-level land and resources department must organize the arguments. After a separate prospecting right has been set up, the prospector shall file a request for an extension of the change with the registration authority; if the scope of the expansion is less than 25% of the existing exploration block, the prospector shall file an application for a further change with the registration authority.

In addition, the methods for the management of exploration and mining rights for exploration and mining rights for oil, natural gas, coal (layer) gas, shale gas, and radioactive minerals are separately formulated by the Ministry of Land and Resources. It is reported that the original Notice of the Ministry of Land and Resources on Strictly Controlling and Regulating the Issues Concerning the Management of the Transfer of Mining Rights Agreements was repealed at the same time as the issuance of this notice.

3. The Central and State Council issued and issued the Overall Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System.

The reform of the ecological civilization system is the proper meaning of comprehensively deepening the reform. The Politburo meeting held on September 11, 2015, reviewed and approved the "Overall Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System." Regarding the Overall Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System, it is not a document, but a set of documents, namely 1+6. 1 is the “Overall Plan for the Reform of the Ecological Civilization System” and 6 includes the “Environmental Protection Inspection Program (Trial)”. 》, “Eco-Environmental Monitoring Network Construction Plan”, “Pilot Program for Launching Leading Cadre Natural Resources Assets Leaving Audit”, “Methods for Responsibility of Party and Government Leading Cadres for Ecological Environmental Damage (Trial)”, and “Preparation of Natural Resources Balance Sheet Pilot Project” The supporting policies of the Program and the Pilot Program for the Reform of the Ecological Environment Damage Compensation System include six aspects.

The overall plan proposes that the overall goal of the reform of the ecological civilization system is to establish a system of ecological civilization with clear ownership, multiple participation, incentives and constraints, and a complete system consisting of eight systems to promote the national governance system in the field of ecological civilization by 2020. Modernization of governance capacity and efforts to move toward a new era of socialist ecological civilization. The main content of the overall program is divided into 10 parts, a total of 56 articles. The whole content can be summarized as 6+6+8. One "6" is the 6th idea, the other "6" is the 6 principles, and "8" is the 8 pillars or 8 systems. The six concepts are respect for nature, conformity with nature, protection of nature, development and protection of unity. Green mountains are mountains of gold and silver mountains, natural values ​​and natural capital, and a balance of space. Landscapes Lintian Lake is a community of life. The six principles are to adhere to the correct direction, public ownership of natural resources, the integration of urban and rural environmental governance systems, and the combination of incentives and constraints, active behavior and international cooperation, and the combination of piloting and overall advancement. The eight systems are the property rights system for natural resource assets, the land development protection system, the space planning system, the total resource management and conservation system, the environmental governance system, the market system for environmental governance and ecological protection, and the performance assessment and accountability system.

From this program, we can see that the concepts and principles that have been established in the reform of the ecological civilization system require a specific system to be implemented: the establishment of a system of ownership of natural resources assets with clear attribution, clear rights and responsibilities, and effective supervision; comprehensive, scientific, standardized, and comprehensive management Strict management of total resources and comprehensive conservation system; reflect market supply and demand and scarcity of resources, reflect the natural value and compensation for the use of resources and ecological compensation system for intergenerational compensation; oriented to improve environmental quality, unified supervision, strict law enforcement, and multi-party participation The environmental governance system ... a series of systems will provide a guarantee for the smooth advancement of the ecological civilization system reform.

IV. The Ministry of Land and Resources released the "Report on China's Mineral Resources (2015)"

The "China Mineral Resources Report (2015)" released by the Ministry of Land and Resources in October 2015 shows that in 2014 China furthered its understanding of household resources, enhanced resource conservation and comprehensive utilization, improved its mineral resources management policies, and improved its geological work service levels. "First time" and creating multiple "firsts." In 2014, China invested 114.5 billion yuan in geological exploration and 249 large and medium-sized mineral deposits were newly discovered. Major breakthroughs were made in oil and gas exploration. The first time the shale gas proved geological reserves of 106.8 billion cubic meters, the newly discovered proven geological reserves of petroleum was 1.06 billion tons, and natural gas was 9438 billion cubic meters. The assessment of the potential of 25 important mineral resources shows that the average discovery rate of mineral resources is 30.3%, and the prospecting potential is huge. 2000 meters shallow, coal forecasted resources 3.88 trillion tons, resource identification rate was 29.6%; iron ore forecasted resources 196 billion tons, resource identification rate was 33.1%; copper mine forecasted resources 004 million tons, resource identification The rate was 29.5%; the bauxite forecast resource was 17.97 billion tons and the resource identification rate was 20.3%.

Resource conservation and comprehensive utilization have been further strengthened. China has formulated and issued an evaluation index standard for the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. A total of 20 mineral mining recovery rates, ore dressing recovery rates, and comprehensive utilization index requirements have been issued for 3 consecutive years, and 159 advanced and applicable technologies have been optimized for a total of 3 consecutive years. , 4 batches of 661 mining companies are selected as national green mine pilot units.

Mineral resources management policies have been further improved. China amended the administrative regulations such as the registration of mineral resources exploration blocks, mining registration and mining right mining rights management, issued geological environmental monitoring management measures and land and resources administrative penalties, and cancelled 23 administrative and non-administrative examinations related to mineral resources. matter. The compensation fees for mineral resources such as coal, crude oil, and natural gas will be reduced to zero rates, and the coal resources tax will be assessed at the rate of fixed rate.

Geological work service levels have been further improved. As of the end of 2014, 1:50,000 regional geological surveys and 1:25 million regional geological surveys accounted for 31.7% and 61.7% of the territorial land area, respectively. For the first time, the full coverage of 1:100 million regional geological surveys in China's jurisdiction over sea areas will be realized. In 2014, construction exploration and exploration combined with more than 170 hydrological wells, solved the difficulty of drinking water for 300,000 people who lack water. The National Geological Data Sharing Service Platform has 620,000 visits throughout the year; national and provincial geological data agencies provide 130,000 data services.

V. The Supreme People’s Court issued the approval for the crimes involved in geological exploration units and personnel. The Supreme People's Procuratorate issued on October 27, 2015, whether the Geological Engineering Survey Institute and other units performing their survey duties and their staff can become the Criminal Code. The approval of the subject of crimes prescribed in Article 229 shall come into effect on November 12, 2015. The "Reply" stated that: "Geological Engineering Survey Institute and other units performing survey duties and their staff members intentionally provide false engineering geological survey reports and other supporting documents in the course of fulfilling their duties of investigation, investigation, surveying and mapping. If the circumstances are serious, they shall be subject to criminal law. The provisions of the first paragraph of Article 229 and the provisions of Article 231 shall be investigated for the criminal responsibility for the provision of false-positive documents; the geological engineering surveying institute and other units performing their survey duties and their staff members shall perform their duties. In the course of the investigation, surveying and surveying and mapping duties, they are seriously irresponsible, and the engineering geological survey reports issued by them are seriously inaccurate and cause serious consequences, in accordance with the third paragraph of Article 229 and the 230th of the Criminal Law. The provisions of one article shall be used to prosecute criminal responsibility for the major crime of defamation.

Article 229 of the Chinese Criminal Law stipulates that: “The personnel of an intermediary organization undertaking the duties of asset assessment, capital verification, verification, accounting, auditing, legal services, etc., intentionally provide falsified documents. If the circumstances are serious, they shall be subject to a period of not less than five years. Imprisonment or criminal detention, and fines.If the person prescribed in the preceding paragraph obtains other person’s property or illegally accepts the property of others and commits the crimes mentioned in the preceding paragraph, he shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years but not more than ten years and be punished with a fine. Seriously irresponsible, if there is any material inaccuracy in the certification documents issued, resulting in serious consequences, the person shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention, and shall be concurrently imposed with a single fine. "That is, according to the provision of this article, the geological engineering investigation agency and individual are not The main body, only assessment agencies, capital verification agencies, accounting, auditing and legal institutions may constitute the crime. However, after November 12, 2015, based on the approval of the above-mentioned Supreme Inspection, the geological engineering survey units and individuals have been included, expanding the main body of the crime.

The implementation of this approval will stop the geological engineering survey units and staff from deliberately providing false engineering geological survey reports, or seriously irresponsible, and issuing engineering geological survey reports, etc. in order to meet the needs or wishes of the client during the exploration of mineral resources. The document proves that the document is grossly inaccurate, effectively curbing the issue of data fraud, purifying the mineral resources exploration market and reducing the occurrence of related disputes.

VI. The General Office of the State Council promulgated the Pilot Program for Preparing Natural Resources Balance Sheets

On November 8, 2015, the General Office of the State Council promulgated the Notice on Issuing Pilot Programs for Preparing Balance Sheets for Natural Resources, and comprehensively strengthened the basic work of natural resource surveys and monitoring, and persisted in summarizing experiences while reforming and practicing, and gradually established and improved. Balance sheet preparation system for natural resources.

The plan proposes to explore the preparation of a natural resources balance sheet, promote the establishment of a sound and standardized natural resources statistical investigation system, and make efforts to find out the natural resources assets and their changes, in order to promote the construction of ecological civilization, effective protection and sustainable use of natural resources. Resources provide basic information, monitoring and early warning, and decision support. According to the requirements of the program, the pilot work should follow the principles of adhering to the overall design, highlighting the focus of the accounting, focusing on quality indicators, ensuring true accuracy and drawing on international experience. The main content of the pilot is to collect and review relevant basic data according to the plan, study the key issues such as data sources, accounting methods and data quality control, and explore the preparation of high-quality natural resources balance sheets. In accordance with the consideration of the consideration of natural resources with important ecological functions, the pilot areas are mainly to explore the preparation of land resources, forest resources, and water resources in real-quantitative asset accounts. Conditional pilot areas can also explore the preparation of mineral resources physical assets account. In the pilot process, the trial results and existing problems are evaluated in a timely manner, and reform experiences that can be replicated and promoted can be formed. According to pilot experience, the National Bureau of Statistics will work with relevant departments to formulate a unified natural resources balance sheet preparation system and prepare a national natural resources balance sheet.

Based on the representativeness of natural resources and related work bases, the plan proposes to develop pilot projects for compiling natural resource balance sheets in Hulunbeier in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Huzhou City in Zhejiang Province, Loudi City in Hunan Province, Chishui City in Guizhou Province, and Yan'an City in Shaanxi Province. At present, the National Bureau of Statistics is working with the relevant departments of the State Council to actively deploy and promote pilot projects. In accordance with the requirements of the plan, it explored the preparation of a balance sheet for natural resources, and promoted the establishment of a sound and standardized natural resources survey and investigation system in an effort to find out the “home” of natural resource assets and their changes, in order to improve resource consumption, environmental damage, and ecological benefits. The ecological civilization performance appraisal and accountability system provides an information foundation, which can provide information support, monitoring and early warning, and decision support for ecological civilization construction and green and low carbon development.

VII. The “Two Highs” issued judicial interpretations to standardize criminal cases that endangered production safety. In production safety accidents, “hidden shareholders” may be deemed as the subject of the crime. How do the shareholders "responsibly? How to convict a person who intentionally hides or abandons an injured person? The Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate jointly issued the "Interpretation of Several Issues Concerning the Application of Laws in Handling Criminal Cases of Endangering Production Safety" in December 2015 in response to issues concerning the application of relevant laws in production safety incidents of concern to the public. ") Give clear instructions.

The “Explanation” has a total of 17 articles. It provides targeted regulations for the application of outstanding laws in the prosecution and trial process of criminal cases that endanger production safety. The content covers the scope of the relevant criminal subject, the conviction and sentencing standards, and the severity of the punishment. The specific application and related public officers corruption bribery, identification of dereliction of duty and other aspects of many important issues. The "interpretation" will be formally implemented on December 16, 2015.

In recent years, in some criminal cases that endanger production safety, the topic of “hidden shareholders” has continued to ferment. In response to this situation, the "Interpretation" clearly stipulates that the actual controllers and investors who have the organizational, command or management responsibilities, or the actual controllers and investments that have direct responsibility for the safety production facilities and safe production conditions that do not conform to the state regulations. People can be regarded as the criminal subject of related crimes, and they can ensure the effectiveness of the penalty with a strict criminal law network. It has been learned that in practice, some black coal mines and mine owners have concealed the facts of accidents and evaded legal investigations after the occurrence of production safety accidents. They not only do not organize rescues and report to relevant departments, but they intentionally hide and abandon the injured and even do accidents. The bad behaviors of plugging accidental mines and obscuring accidents have resulted in the deaths, serious injuries or severe disabilities of the trapped and abandoned persons and serious social harm. For this reason, the "interpretation" makes it clear that for the above-mentioned acts, it shall be convicted and punished by intentional homicide or intentional injury.

"Interpretation" emphasizes severe punishment of related corruption, bribery, and dereliction of duty. It clearly stipulates that the state staff violates the regulations and invests in production and business operations, constitutes the relevant crimes stipulated in the present interpretation, or that the corruption and bribery crimes committed by state workers are related to the occurrence of safety accidents. Sexual, heavier punishments, while constituting corruption, bribery crimes, and crimes against production safety, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of combined punishment for multiple crimes.

It is understood that in recent years, there have been a number of cases in which criminals who have jeopardized production safety have reverted to the old industry in a short period of time, causing new production safety accidents. In this regard, the Interpretation explains how to apply the prohibition order and occupational prohibition measures. Among them, criminals who apply probation for crimes against production safety can be prohibited from engaging in specific activities related to safe production within the trial period of probation according to the crime. For criminals sentenced to punishment, they may be prohibited from engaging in occupations related to safe production for three to five years from the date of execution of criminal punishment or parole, based on the circumstances of the crime and the need to prevent reoffending.

VIII. Ministry of Environmental Protection and Ministry of Land and Natural Resources: Mineral Resources Planning No Environmental Impact Assessment Will Not be Approved The Ministry of Land and Resources and Ministry of Land and Resources issued a notice in December 2015 on the issue of environmental impact assessment of mineral resources planning and issued a notice to the Ministry of Land and Resources. When organizing the preparation of relevant mineral resources planning, it is necessary to strictly implement the planned environmental impact assessment system in accordance with the requirements of laws and regulations and to organize the implementation of the planned environmental impact assessment work in parallel. Where environmental impact chapters or explanations or environmental impact reports have not been prepared in accordance with the law, the planning approval authority shall require them to supplement; if they are not supplemented, the planning approval authority shall not approve it.

To further guide and standardize the environmental impact assessment of mineral resources planning, effectively coordinate the development of resources and environmental protection, vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization, and notify the requirements of the Environmental Protection Department (bureau) and Land Resources Bureau (bureau) of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. The Environmental Protection Bureau and Land and Resources Bureau of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps must do the following three tasks: First, effectively strengthen the environmental impact assessment of mineral resources planning; second, accurately grasp the basic requirements for the environmental impact assessment of mineral resources planning; and third, strictly regulate the mineral resources Resource Planning Environmental Impact Report Review.

The notification requires that during the process of mineral resource planning, the coordinated development of resource development and environmental protection shall be adhered to, the planned environmental impact assessment shall be conducted in a timely manner, the suggestions for optimization adjustment proposed by the planning environmental assessment and the countermeasures for slowing adverse environmental impacts shall be fully absorbed, and the rational development of resource development shall be strengthened. , conservation of intensive use and ecological protection of mining areas. After the implementation of the plan, the planning organization shall incorporate the implementation of the EIA and the actual results into the important contents of the plan evaluation. For plans that have significant environmental impact, the planning agency shall timely organize the follow-up evaluation of the planned environmental impact and report the results of the evaluation. Approval authorities, and notify the corresponding environmental protection department.

The notice pointed out that the classification of mineral resources planning and environmental assessment work. The mineral resource plans that need to be written in environmental impact chapters or descriptions include: National Mineral Resources Planning, National and Provincial Geological Prospecting Plans, Regional-level City-level Mineral Resources Master Plans, and Key Minerals and other special plans. The mineral resource plans that need to be prepared for the environmental impact report include: the provincial-level mineral resources master plan, the special plan for the development and utilization of mineral resources at or above the municipal level in the district, and the planning and mining plans for the state-planned mining areas and large-scale above-scale mineral resources. The county-level mineral resources planning does not, in principle, carry out planning environmental impact assessments. The provincial-level people's governments have regulations that are implemented in accordance with their regulations.

The notification requires that the environmental impact assessment of mineral resources planning should be based on the improvement of regional ecological environment quality, promote the green development of resources, analyze the coordination of planning implementation and resource and environmental constraints, and predict the implementation of planning for the regional ecosystem, water environment, soil environment, etc. The scope, degree, and trend of change shall be coordinated, and the information disclosure and public participation in planning and planning EIA should be well planned, and countermeasures to prevent and mitigate adverse environmental impacts should be proposed. The notice also makes specific requirements for the environmental impact assessment of the national, provincial, and municipal level mineral resources planning. The notice clearly stated that the planning organization should submit the environmental impact chapter or description and the environmental impact report to the planning approval authority when submitting the draft mineral resource plan. In examining and approving draft plans, the competent department of land and resources should use the conclusions of the environmental impact report and the review opinions as an important basis for planning approval decisions.

IX. Implementation Outline for the Construction of the Government under the Rule of Law (2015-2020) Issued in December 2015, **The Central Government and the State Council issued the Implementation Outline for the Construction of the Rule of Law (2015-2020). The "Outline" pointed out that the party's *** has basically established the rule of law government as one of the important goals for the completion of a well-off society by 2020. It is of great significance, far-reaching impact, and arduous tasks. In order to promote the administration according to law, speed up the construction of a government under the rule of law, and achieve the goal of basically completing the construction of a government under the rule of law on schedule, this outline is formulated in light of the current construction of the rule of law.

The overall goal of the "Outline" is: Through unremitting efforts, by 2020, a law-based government with functional science, statutory power and responsibility, strict law enforcement, openness, fairness, honesty, and high efficiency, and law-abiding integrity will be basically established.

X. China's “13th Five-Year Plan” Energy Development Path: Targeting Clean, Low-Carbon On December 29, 2015, at the National Energy Work Conference, the National Energy Administration Director Nur Baikel elaborated the “13th Five-Year Plan” China energy development path. During the "12th Five-Year Plan" period, China's annual energy growth rate of 3.6% ensured a growth rate of 7.8% of the national economy, and the energy consumption per unit of GDP decreased by a cumulative 18.2%. The installed capacity of hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and solar power increased by 1.4 times, 2.6 times, 4 times and 168 times, respectively, driving the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption to increase by 2.6 percentage points.

Nur Baikel said that China's energy structure has been accelerated. It is expected that the proportion of coal consumption will further decline during the “13th Five-Year Plan” and in the coming period, and natural gas and non-fossil energy will continue to grow rapidly. He explained several goals for energy development in the 13th Five-Year Plan period, including strengthening energy supply capacity, making new breakthroughs in key technologies and equipment, substantially increasing the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption, making new breakthroughs in the clean use of fossil energy, and deepening international cooperation. To achieve the "13th Five-Year Plan" energy development goals, we must focus on "seven adherences": First, adhere to the system optimization and improve the level of coordinated energy development. It is necessary to combine the implementation of regional strategies to optimize the layout of high-energy-consuming industries and energy development. At the same time, we must promote the coordinated development and complementary use of energy. The second is to adhere to green and low carbon and promote energy consumption**. To implement the dual control of total energy consumption and intensity of consumption, strictly control coal consumption, promote reduction of coal substitution in key regions, speed up the transformation of energy use in key areas, and increase the proportion of natural gas and non-fossil energy consumption. The third is to persist in diversified development and promote energy supply. Focus on optimizing China's energy supply structure and vigorously increase the proportion of clean energy supply. The fourth is to insist on innovation and promote energy technology. Focus on technologies that promote major changes in energy, accumulate superior strengths, deploy ahead of time to increase scientific and technological breakthroughs, and improve independent innovation capabilities. Fifth, adhere to fair efficiency and promote the energy system. We must implement the guidance for the reform of the power system, introduce and implement the oil and gas system reform plan as soon as possible, and turn the power grid and oil and gas pipeline network into a public platform for fair service to the upstream and downstream industries and optimize resource allocation. Sixth, adhere to the principle of expanding opening up and strengthening international energy cooperation in all directions. We will expand overseas oil and gas and other energy production bases and promote the "going out" of nuclear power, hydropower, thermal power and UHV power transmission. We must actively participate in global energy governance and participate in the formulation of relevant international standards. Seventh, adhere to the principle of benefiting the people and improving the general service level of energy. Accelerate infrastructure construction and continuously meet people's energy needs.